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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. CQDUPBB. BRA ZING APPARATUS.

No. 594,345. Patented' NOV. 23, 18.97.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J.C.DUPBB. BRAZING APPARATUS.

Patented Nv. Z3, 1897.

UNITED STATES' PATENT EETCE. y

JOHN C. DUPEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO RIPLEY J. WHITE, OF SAME PLACE.

BRAZING APPARATUS. l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 594,345, dated November 23, 1897.

Application iil'ed'July 2,1895. Serial No. 554,702. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, JOHN C. DUPEE, a citizen 0f the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State. of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Brazing Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Prior to my invention serious diiiculty has been experienced` in connection with the burners of hydrocarbon-furnaces for braziers and tinners use, in which what is commonly known as a blow-torch name is employed, in that carbonization takes place in the generator and unless the soot orother carbonaceous formation is removed or the burner is so constructed as to prevent its formation it soon chokes the retort, so as to render the burner useless. In order to overcome this diiiiculty, burners have been constructed in separable parts, so that when necessary they could be detached and the carbonaceous matter removed from the retort; but owing to the fact that ignorant or careless users will not clean the burner and, further, that the heating of the metal so affects the joints that they cannot be satisfactorily reassembled this method has been found to be impracticable. Moreover, I have found that in retorts of considerable length puffing is liable to occur, which increases the tendency to carbonize.

The object of my invention is to overcome these objections and to so construct a burner of the class described that there shall be no mechanical obstruction-such, for example, as a part of the retort-placed directly within the burner-tube or mixing-chamber, thatthe fluid used within said burner may be fully vaporized without causing carbonization or the formation of soot or other obstruction in the generator, that puffing may be avoided,

the burner, the tube or combustion-chamber' being detached; and Fig. 5 is anelevation in detail of the inner end of the burner-tube.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the usual closed tank for the reception of naphtha or other burning fluid, which tank is strongly constructed, so as to withstand any pressure to which it may be subjected. The diameter of the tank is preferably enlarged at the bottom, as at a., the lower edge a' being interlocked, as shown, with the coiled edge a2 of the bottom A. Tapped into flanged openings upon the side of thel tank are screw-plugs e3 h3, into which, respectively, are tapped arms G H, which serve as detachable connections for the cylinder E of an airpump. The part H is tubular and communicates with an upturned tube h4, attached to or integral with the part h3. The ai r-pump is provided with a. screw-threaded cap k7, piston-rod J, handle h6, piston h5, valve g3, spring g4, regulating-spindle g for4 controlling the tension of said spring, hand-Wheel g5, and cap gs, which .forms a stuffing-box for the spindle g. The air enters the pump-cylinder through an aperture n' and, forcing the valve from its seat against the closing action of the spring, enters the top of the tank through the tube h4. When the tank is charged, the spindle g may be screwed up against the valve, thereby locking the latter against leakage. rlhe pressure of the air upon the fluid serves to force the latter through the retort and to the burner, as hereinafter described. The tank may be illedthrough the usual opening K, Fig. 2, which is closed by means of a screw-cap h?.

The top of the tank is raised at a3, and a tubular plug B, having -a flange-head a4 and screw threaded at a6, is centrally tapped therein, as well as into a concave strengthening-plate a5. A tube 61.7 is connected with the ous passage from the tank.

stem b of a generator or retort C, a drip-cup b3 being supported upon the part B. The retort C is provided with an annular chamberb', which communicates with the tube B' at b2, Figs. l and 2, thus forming a continu- The vapor-generating ,chamber is circular in form, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and extends from the inlet-opening to the point of exit b4, from whence the vapor passes into a tubular extension C'. .A partition is interposed in the chamber, as shown in Fig. 2, between the inlet and outlet passages. A valve-tube C2 is formed upon lthe outer end of the extension C', with which is connected, in the manner shown, the usual needle-valve d, which is fitted into a corresponding removable valveseat D. An annular space d2 between the valve-spindle and the valve-tube communicates with the extension C' and admits the vapor to the regulating-valve, the axis of which is in alinement with that of a circular opening through the ring-shaped retort.

A tube D', preferably tapered toward the rear, is fitted into the opening through the generator and incloses the valve-tube. Said tube, which constitutes the mixing-chamber, is provided with a series of openings d4 at such a distance from the retort as to enable a flame to be formed, through the admixture of vapor and air, between said openings and the retort, thereby heating the latter sufficiently to vaporize the fluid which may be fed thereto.

Attached to the front of the generator G, preferably by means of the dovetailed base d6 and flanges (Z7, Figs. 3 and 4, is the usual burner-tube E, which is provided with perforations d5 for the admission of air to support combustion.

I have discovered, as a result of a large number of careful and costly experiments with burners of this class, that a retort made of thin metal and so arranged that it is brought into direct contact with the greater portion of the flame is liable to become overheated upon one side from the flame within and at the same time chilled upon the outside by drafts of air from without, which results in the formation of soot within the retort. This frequently hardens and encrusts until the entire chamber becomes obstructed with a hard, dense, crystalline mass of carbon. By

casting the walls of the retort comparatively thick and making the ring retort of such shape in cross-section or in a section taken in the plane of its axis that the outside of the ring may be heated through metallic conductivity, so as to prevent a chilling action from exterior' drafts, and allowing the fluid to pass but once around the flame at a point where it cannot become overheated I have succeeded in producing a burner adapted to the use of high-gravity oils, su ch as naphtha or gasolene, that is not subject to carbonization and can be used indefinitely without becoming clogged. This construction also avoids what is commonly known as puffing, which is an unsteady and vibratory action of the flame, resulting, presu1nably,from the back pressure of gas which is suddenly generated in an over-heated retort of too-extended surface and the surging forward of the oil when the retort is suddenly chilled by blasts of air upon the outer walls. This pumping action, whereby fresh oil is suddenly projected into and withdrawn from the retort, I believe to be largely instrumental in thc formation of soot and consequent clogging, and the fact that my improved burner does not carbonize I believe to be due largely to its steady and uniform action.

Having thus described my invention, l claim- The combination of an oil-supply tank and means forcompressing air therein, of a generator or retort in operative conn ection with said tank,said generator consisting of a chambered ring, as distinguished from an elongated tube having a tubular-shaped chamber therein, said ring being so shaped in a section cut through the plane of its axis as to provide a minimum distance for the heat to pass by metallic conductivity to the outside thereof, the chamber in said ring being continuous from the oil-inlet around through the ring to a point near said inlet, a rearwardly-projecting tube connecting with the end of said chamber, means for separating said chamberat the entrance of said tube from the oil-inlet, a burner upon said rearwardly-projecting tube having its opening coincident with the axis of said ring retort, a shield surrounding said burner, means for admitting air thereto, and a combustion-tube arranged in front of said retort, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN C. DUPEE.

Vitnesses:

L. M. FREEMAN, L. B. COUPLAND.

ICO 

